Preface Acknowledgements Our Hope for Multilingual Learners Teachers Who Inspire Studying Teacher Practice Interacting With Multilingual Learners and Their Families Position Multilingual Learners as Classroom Leaders What Research says About Positioning Reflecting of Xiao Li's Experience Reflecting on Nabil Abadi's Experience Reflecting on Jose Lopez's Experience Positioning Students as Experts One Year Later Reflecting on Why Positioning Matters Recognize How Teachers Position Students Positioning Multilingual Learners as Leaders Explicitly Positioning Multilingual Learners as Leaders Implicitly Positioning Multilingual Learners as Leaders Strategies for Positioning Multilingual learners as Leaders Thinking About Positioning in Your Practice Facilitate Multilingual Learners' Participation in Mathematics Classroom Reflecting on Your Experience with Participating What Research Says About Student Participation Factors That Influence the Participation of Multilingual Learners Reflecting on Your Experiences with Fear Overcoming Fear Encountering Unknown Contexts Examining Teaching Strategies That Influence Participation Strategies for Facilitating Multilingual Learners' Participation in Mathematics Thinking About Participation in Your Practice Facilitate Partnerships Between Multilingual Learners and Their Peers Solving a Mathematics Problem with A Partner Solving a Mathematics Problem with A Partner Qualities of Partnerships Strategies for Facilitating Partnerships Establish Participation Norms With Students Practice Compliments Provide Concrete Resources Pay Attention To Pairing Monitor How Partners Work Revisit Partnership Norms With Student Thinking About Partnerships in Your Practice Engage Multilingual Learners Through Culturally-Relevant Contexts Reflecting on the Challenge of Contexts and Culture What the Research Says About Contexts in Mathematics Strategies for Engaging Multilingual Learners Through Culturally-Meaningful Contexts Thinking about Contexts in your Practice Reach Multilingual Learners with Visuals, Illustrations, and Gestures What Research Says About Visuals and Gestures Using Visuals Strategically Examining Ms. Bristow's Use of Visuals: Dividing Cookies Examining Ms. Bristow's Use of Visuals: Emphasizing the Meaning of 'Loose' Emphasizing Mathematical Connections Reflecting on Your Use of Gestures Using Gestures Strategically Examining Ms. Bristow's Use of Gestures: Obstacle Course Examining Ms. Bristow's Strategic Use of Visuals and Gestures: Columns and Rows Thinking About Visuals and Gestures in Your Practice Strategies for Using Visuals and Gestures Analyze Mathematical Work of Multilingual Learners Reflecting on Your Experiences What Research Says About Analyzing Multilingual Learners' Mathematical Work What Research Says About Analyzing Multilingual Learners' Mathematical Work Analyzing Additional Student Work Strategies for Discerning Between Mathematical and Language Issues Examining Abigail's Work Examining Janessa's Work The Importance of Interviewing Multilingual Learners Thinking About Analyzing Multilingual Learner's Mathematical Work in Your Practice Investigate Meanings to Enhance Multilingual Learners' Language Development The Importance of Academic Language for Multilingual Learners What the Research Says About Academic Language Distinguishing Between Multiple Meanings of Language Introducing Specialized Mathematics Language Amplified Use of Academic Language Strategies for Enhance Multilingual Learners' Language Development Thinking About Academic Language in Your Practice Use Your Discourse Strategically to Enhance Multilingual Learners' Opportunity to Learn Reflecting on Varieties of English that Influence Discourse What Research Says About Discourse Teacher Discourse Connecting Academic Language to Mathematical Representations Posing Questions to Engage Multilingual Learners Posing Questions to Engage Multilingual Learners Strategies for Promoting Classroom Discourse Thinking About Your Discourse in Your Practice Foster a Culture of Writing in the Mathematics Classroom Reflecting on Your Experiences What Research Says About Writing in Mathematics Establishing a Need to Write in Mathematics Establishing a Culture of Writing Providing Feedback on Students' Writing Analyzing Students' Writing Strategies for Fostering a Culture of Writing in Your Mathematics Classroom Reflecting on Mathematical Writing in Your Practice Develop Writing in Mathematics for Multilingual Learners Reflecting on Your Practice Mathematical Genres of Writing What the Research Says about Mathematical Genres Identifying Mathematical Writing Genres Strategies for Developing Writing in Mathematics for Multilingual Learners Teaching Practices Activities Reflecting on Your Use of Mathematical Genres in Your Practice Enhance Curriculum Materials for Multilingual Learners Reflecting on Mathematics Curriculum What Research Says About Curriculum Enhancement for Multilingual Learners Strategies for Crafting Language to Better Support Multilingual Learners Analyzing Curriculum Materials for Multilingual Learners Research Recommendations for Enacting Mathematics Curriculum Recognizing Different Mathematical Conventions and Representations Thinking about Mathematical Conventions and Representations in your Practice Thinking about Curriculum Enhancement in your Practice Engage with Parents and Families of Multilingual Learners Reflecting on Your Experiences What the Research Says about Multilingual Parent and Family Engagement Multicultural Parenting Styles Cultural Values Emphasizing the Value of Family in Your Classroom Examining Teachers' and Multilingual Parents' Expectations Reframing Multilingual Parental Engagement Strategies for Facilitating Multilingual Family and Parent Engagement in Your Classroom Reflecting on Family Engagement in Your Practice Appendix A. Additional Resources Appendix B. Selected Solutions References
With case studies and activities that provide a solid foundation for teachers' growth and exploration, this groundbreaking book will help teachers and teacher educators engage in meaningful, humanized mathematics instruction.